Methods of assessing medical treatments
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Assessing observational studies of medical treatments
BACKGROUND Previous studies have assessed the validity of the observational study design by comparing results of studies using this design to results from randomized controlled trials. The present study examined design features of observational studies that could have influenced these comparisons. METHODS To find at least 4 observational studies that evaluated the same treatment, we reviewed ...
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BACKGROUND Blinding is a cornerstone of treatment evaluation. Blinding is more difficult to obtain in trials assessing nonpharmacological treatment and frequently relies on "creative" (nonstandard) methods. The purpose of this study was to systematically describe the strategies used to obtain blinding in a sample of randomized controlled trials of nonpharmacological treatment. METHODS AND FIN...
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The assessment of the effectiveness of a treatment in a clinical trial, depends on calculating p-values. However, p-values are only indirect and partial indicators of a genuine effect. Particularly in situations where publication bias is very likely, assessment using a p-value of 0.05 may not be sufficiently cautious. In other situations it seems reasonable to believe that assessment based on p...
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Efficacy has been defined as the extent to which a specific intervention, procedure, regimen or service produces a beneficial result under ideally controlled conditions when administered or monitored by experts. Studies on efficacy can be divided into those that study methods of conducting treatment (treatment process research) and those that are concerned with the effects of treatments (treatm...
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To honor the wishes of an incapacitated patient, surrogate decision makers must predict the treatment decisions patients would make for themselves if able. Social psychological research, however, suggests that surrogates' own treatment preferences may influence their predictions of others' preferences. In 2 studies (1 involving 60 college student surrogates and a parent, the other involving 361...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: BMJ
سال: 1994
ISSN: 0959-8138,1468-5833
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.309.6956.741